The Biblical Canon of
the Synod of Laodicea
The Synod of Laodicea occurred sometime between 342 and 381. Theodoret of Cyr mentions the synod gathered in Laodicea of Phrygia in modern day Asia Minor. Although the Corpus Canonum is no longer extant, Canon 59 is preserved in the collections of Dionysius and John Scholasticus. Canon 59 contains a ruling on the canon of Scripture, which contains a New Testament list that is identical to the modern New Testament with the exception that it does not include Revelation. It also places the seven Catholic Epistles immediately following Acts, thus moving the 14 Pauline Epistles to the back. The Old Testament list includes the Deuterocanonical (Apocryphal) books of Baruch and Epistle as well as additions to Daniel.
Sources:
- Edmon L. Gallagher and John D. Meade. The Biblical Canon Lists from Early Christianity: Texts and Analysis. Oxford University Press. 2017
The Canon List of
the Synod of Laodicea:
Source Used: Edmon L. Gallagher and John D. Meade. The Biblical Canon Lists from Early Christianity: Texts and Analysis. Oxford University Press. 2017
The New Testament Canon:
Synod of Laodicea N.T. Canon | Modern Catholic N.T. Canon | Modern Protestant N.T. Canon |
Matthew | Matthew | Matthew |
Mark | Mark | Mark |
Luke | Luke | Luke |
John | John | John |
Acts | Acts | Acts |
James | Romans | Romans |
Peter (both 1 & 2) | 1 Corinthians | 1 Corinthians |
John (1, 2, & 3) | 2 Corinthians | 2 Corinthians |
Jude | Galatians | Galatians |
Romans | Ephesians | Ephesians |
1 Corinthians | Philippians | Philippians |
2 Corinthians | Colossians | Colossians |
Galatians | 1 Thessalonians | 1 Thessalonians |
Ephesians | 2 Thessalonians | 2 Thessalonians |
Philippians | 1 Timothy | 1 Timothy |
Colossians | 2 Timothy | 2 Timothy |
1 Thessalonians | Titus | Titus |
2 Thessalonians | Philemon | Philemon |
Hebrews | Hebrews | Hebrews |
1 Timothy | James | James |
2 Timothy | 1 Peter | 1 Peter |
Titus | 2 Peter | 2 Peter |
Philemon | 1 John | 1 John |
2 John | 2 John | |
3 John | 3 John | |
Jude | Jude | |
**Revelation not included** | Revelation | Revelation |
The Old Testament Canon:
Codex Claromontanus O.T. Canon | Modern Catholic O.T. Canon | Modern Protestant O.T. Canon |
Genesis of the World | Genesis | Genesis |
Exodus out of Egypt | Exodus | Exodus |
Leviticus | Leviticus | Leviticus |
Numbers | Numbers | Numbers |
Deuteronomy | Deuteronomy | Deuteronomy |
Joshua of Naue | Joshua | Joshua |
Judges-Ruth | Judges | Judges |
Ruth | Ruth | |
1 Kingdoms (Samuel) | 1 Samuel | 1 Samuel |
2 Kingdoms (Samuel) | 2 Samuel | 2 Samuel |
3 Kingdoms | 1 Kings | 1 Kings |
4 Kingdoms | 2 Kings | 2 Kings |
| 1 Paralipomenon | 1 Chronicles | 1 Chronicles |
| 2 Paralipomenon | 2 Chronicles | 2 Chronicles |
1 Esdras | 1 Esdras (1 Ezra) | Ezra (1 Ezra) |
2 Esdras | 2 Esdras (2 Ezra) | Nehemiah (2 Ezra) |
Esther | Esther | Esther |
Tobit | ||
Judith | ||
1 Maccabees | ||
2 Maccabees | ||
Epistle | ||
Job | Job | Job |
Psalms | Psalms | Psalms |
Proverbs | Proverbs | Proverbs |
Ecclesiastes | Ecclesiastes | Ecclesiastes |
Canticle of Canticles | Canticle of Canticles | Song of Songs |
Book of Wisdom | ||
Ecclesiasticus / Sirach | ||
Isaiah | Isaiah | Isaiah |
Jeremiah | Jeremiah | Jeremiah |
| Baruch | Lamentations | Lamentations |
| Lamentations | Baruch | |
Ezechiel | Ezechiel | Ezekiel |
Daniel + Susanna + Bel & the Dragon | Daniel + Susanna + Bel & the Dragon | Daniel |
Hosea | Hosea / Osee | Hosea |
Joel | Joel | Joel |
Amos | Amos | Amos |
Obadiah | Obadiah | Obadiah |
Jonah | Jonah | Jonah |
Micah | Micah | Micah |
Nahum | Nahum | Nahum |
Habakkuk | Habakkuk | Habakkuk |
Zephaniah | Zephaniah | Zephaniah |
Hagai | Hagai | Hagai |
Zecharias | Zecharias | Zechariah |
Malachias | Malachias | Malachi |